For US Patients and Their Support Networks
IMPACT OF NARCOLEPSY TYPE 1 (NT1)
NT1 can make every day feel like a trade-off between what you want to do and what you have to do
NT1 can make life feel exhausting and unpredictable. It brings a mix of challenges, including excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), muscle weakness (cataplexy), disrupted nighttime sleep, sleep paralysis, and vivid, dreamlike experiences when falling asleep or waking (also known as hypnagogic and hypnopompic episodes), all of which can weigh heavily on your physical and emotional well-being. It may feel like your day is consumed by sleeping or keeping up with responsibilities, and fitting in a self-care moment or social activity can feel impossible. It's important to understand that NT1 is not your fault. It's the result of a missing brain chemical called orexin, which you can learn more about here.
Because no one knows your NT1 like you do, when you’re not managing your condition, you’re explaining it. From missing your friend’s birthday, to falling behind at school or work, NT1 can feel isolating and embarrassing.
Hear about how NT1 impacts everyone differently
I really beat myself up over dropping my phones and breaking them. So I call it the cataplexy tax. Every cell phone I've ever owned, I have dropped. Narcolepsy type one is a rare neurological disorder that affects your wake and sleep cycles. My narcolepsy type one comes with something called brain fog. The way I would describe it would be like a hazy feeling.
Not feeling totally awake. Not feeling 100% aware. Kind of living in a daze. My name is Casey. I have narcolepsy type one. If I had to guess when my symptoms of narcolepsy type one started, I would say I was probably 13 or 14. I was always tired or sleepy during the day, but I was always told it was just contributed to me being a teenager.
I was diagnosed when I was 17 years old, but I was never told that I was diagnosed. I finally found out about it when I was 32. I was putting together a medical record book for my doctors. I stumbled across the word narcolepsy. That was a pretty big surprise. At least now I had a word to describe my feelings.
So, orexin is in charge of your sleep wake cycles. It's a neuropeptide. That's what people with narcolepsy type one with cataplexy are deficient in. Even though I do take medications, I still experience excessive daytime sleepiness where most days I have to take a nap at some point, I still experience just that sleepiness feeling every day. It feels like somebody could tell me something, and unless I have it written down, I'm not gonna remember what they said.
Having a visual cue of being able to see what I need to do so I can stay on track. I also take cold plunges and ice baths, cold water washing my face during the day to kind of help wake me up. But if I feel a migraine coming on, that's usually my trigger and it tells me that I need to go take a nap.
I was accused of being an alcoholic. That's why they thought I could not wake up in the mornings. I felt a lot of shame from all the jobs that I had lost. My family shamed me about it. Everybody kept telling me, why can't you just wake up in the mornings? But nobody actually knew how hard I was trying. After I found my diagnosis of narcolepsy type one with cataplexy, I went online and I had started attending these support group meetings.
It's good to see everybody again this week. I was listening to these stories and it felt like they were talking about my life. It really gave me a sense of belonging, and It finally felt like I found my community and a place that I actually belonged in. Being on my feet and being able to walk around and be outside and get some fresh air and the blood flowing always usually helps.
Facilitating group meetings makes me very happy when people find our meetings, because it feels like we're adding another family member. Because with narcolepsy type one with cataplexy, you absolutely need a support system. And having people that understand and have the same lived and shared experiences is an invaluable asset. Narcolepsy type one has taken everything from me and now I'm rebuilding.
I've been homeless. I've lived on the street. I'm currently on a friend's couch right now. You know, my goals are to find a job or get back into school and gain my independence back. Giving up is not an option. Even though there's been a lot of days where you think about it. Narcolepsy is incredibly difficult to live with. I was in a really deep, dark place for a long time, and taking the first step by going to the support group meetings was a huge step for me.
It's helped me find a great sense of support. I can't imagine my life without it anymore.
Casey's story
Casey shares his story about how NT1 slowly took him down a path of isolation. After years of learning about NT1 and working with his healthcare team, he began to reconnect with his community by leading a support group where he works to help others who are living with NT1.
Myths vs facts
Movies and TV shows may portray narcolepsy as suddenly collapsing into sleep, but in reality, symptoms vary between individuals, making everyone's experience with narcolepsy unique. Let’s dive into some popular misconceptions about the condition.
Fact: NT1 includes a range of symptoms beyond just those that impact sleep and wakefulness. It also includes symptoms that impact ability to focus, muscle control, mood, and more.
Fact: Narcolepsy type 1 is a serious neurological condition caused by loss of a brain chemical known as orexin.
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The physical and emotional effects of NT1 can make every day feel like a challenge
Despite misconceptions, NT1 has nothing to do with laziness. It's the result of a missing brain chemical called orexin. Let's take a look at the wide range of impact it can have on daily life.
NT1 can manifest in many different ways for each individual
A sudden muscle weakness triggered by strong emotional responses like laughter or anger; it can range from a partial attack, like drooping facial muscles, to a full-body attack, like falling to the ground.
Fragmented or disturbed sleep that leaves you feeling never fully rested, which many people with NT1 have described as almost like you are sleeping with your eyes open.
These can occur when falling asleep or waking up and can be frightening and confusing.
Being unable to move or speak when falling asleep or waking up despite being conscious.
Difficulty with attention or executive function that can make it tough to complete tasks.
Simple tasks like cooking a meal or running an errand may require intense planning around sleep episodes. NT1 can get in the way of your most important responsibilities; for example, almost 61% of people with NT1 (943 were surveyed) said it was highly challenging to perform household duties and care for their family.
When living with NT1, it can feel like your day is consumed by sleeping and trying to stay awake. In fact, 57% out of 973 who were surveyed said their NT1 symptoms limited them from exercising or playing sports.
Of 254 adults who reported they had been diagnosed with NT1 or NT2, the majority reported that narcolepsy made their social lives and entering romantic relationships harder.

My symptoms made it hard to keep up at work. I felt a lot of shame over the years.
—CASEY, living with NT1
NT1 doesn’t just affect everyday choices. Its impact can make big life decisions feel more daunting, like getting your degree, navigating a career, or even starting a family.
This is what it takes to live with NT1
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